TYPES OF MALWARE AND THEIR OPERATING MECHANISMS: ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION
Received: 2026-05-20
Published: 2026-06-06
Abstract
This article provides a scientific analysis of the main types of malicious software (malware), their operating mechanisms, and methods of propagation. Categories such as viruses, worms, Trojan programs, ransomware, spyware, adware, rootkits, and botnets are examined in detail. For each type, the technical principles of operation, propagation vectors, detection methods, and modern security mechanisms are described. The global economic damage caused by cyberattacks is also analyzed through real-world examples such as Mirai, WannaCry, and Stuxnet. The article is intended for specialists, researchers, and students working in the field of information security and covers the evolution of malware and current methods of countering it.
Keywords
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License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.